Introduction - Plato, the great philosopher of ancient Greece, has the credit of being the first political philosopher not only of Greece but of the whole world. Before him, no one presented a rational theory on the relationship between the state, the government and the individual. Plato's philosophy was universal. Apart from political science, his contribution on the subjects of logic, ethics, pedagogy etc. is also fundamental. Basically Plato was an idealist. He used to give priority to the idea as real rather than matter. This belief of Plato became the source of inspiration for modern idealists like Hegel, Green, Bosanke. Many other ideologies of the modern era - Fascism, Totalitarianism, Nazism are also indebted to Plato's philosophy.
Life History - The great Greek philosopher Plato was born in 427 BC in a noble family in Athens. His father Ariston was a descendant of Cordus, the last king of Athens, and his mother Parikteion was from the Solon family of Greece. Plato's real name was Aristocles, because of his good health, his exercise teacher named him Platon. The Greek pronunciation of the word Plato is 'Platon' and the word Platon means wide-flattened. Gradually, instead of Platon, it was called Plato. He wanted to become a politician from the beginning but his dream could not be fulfilled and he became a great philosopher.
Athens was the greatest kingdom of Greece at the time of Plato's birth. But for 30 consecutive years, wars with Sparta and the Peloponnesia dented the reputation of Athens. 404 BC By a revolution in Athens, the rule of thirty autocrats was established in place of democracy. Plato was invited to participate in the rule but he refused to participate in the rule. Soon after the second revolution, democracy was again established in Athens in place of thirty autocrats. But during this rule, the death of Socrates instilled in his heart a hatred for democracy.
He was attracted to Socrates at the age of 18 or 20. Although there were some differences between Plato and Socrates, the teachings of Socrates attracted the most. Plato became a disciple of Socrates. Inspired by the ideas of Socrates, Plato gave a moral explanation of politics, considered virtue as knowledge, called state art as the highest art and emphasized on discretion. 399 BC When Socrates was given the death penalty, Plato was 28 years old. Disturbed by this incident, he became a philosopher by disengaging from politics. He has tried to justify the truth and justice of Socrates in his work 'Republic'. This became the goal of his life. He left Athens and went to Megra when Socrates was executed. Because he started hating democracy. The 12-year history of visiting Megra is unknown. People think that during this time he roamed in countries like Italy, Greece and Egypt. He went to 387 BC to get the knowledge of the principles of Pythagoras to get western political thought. I went to Italy and Sicily. In Syracuse, the kingdom of Sicily, he met Dion and the king Dionysius I there. He had some differences with Dionysius and he was sent as a slave to the island of Izran. One of his friends helped him to take him back to Athens.
Athens was the greatest kingdom of Greece at the time of Plato's birth. But for 30 consecutive years, wars with Sparta and the Peloponnesia dented the reputation of Athens. 404 BC By a revolution in Athens, the rule of thirty autocrats was established in place of democracy. Plato was invited to participate in the rule but he refused to participate in the rule. Soon after the second revolution, democracy was again established in Athens in place of thirty autocrats. But during this rule, the death of Socrates instilled in his heart a hatred for democracy.
He was attracted to Socrates at the age of 18 or 20. Although there were some differences between Plato and Socrates, the teachings of Socrates attracted the most. Plato became a disciple of Socrates. Inspired by the ideas of Socrates, Plato gave a moral explanation of politics, considered virtue as knowledge, called state art as the highest art and on discretion. 399 BC When Socrates was given the death penalty, Plato was 28 years old. Disturbed by this incident, he became a philosopher by disengaging from politics. He has tried to justify the truth and justice of Socrates in his work 'Republic'. This became the goal of his life. He left Athens and went to Megra when Socrates was executed. Because he started hating democracy. The 12-year history of visiting Megra is unknown. People think that during this time he roamed in countries like Italy, Greece and Egypt. He went to 387 BC to get the knowledge of the principles of Pythagoras to get western political thought. I went to Italy and Sicily. In Syracuse, the kingdom of Sicily, he met Dion and the king Dionysius I there. He had some differences with Dionysius and he was sent as a slave to the island of Izran. One of his friends helped him to take him back to Athens.
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